Lipoproteins are supramolecular assemblies that transport water-insoluble lipids in blood. Lipoproteins also carry apolipoproteins, which determine structure and
function. Apolipoproteins, a monolayer of amphiphilic phospholipids and cholesterol embedded therein, constitute the surface of the lipoproteins that 'hide' the lipids from the aqueous surrounding. The inner core mainly consists of triglycerides and esterified cholesterol.
In the context of cardiovascular risk assessment, the lipoprotein class-specific concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides are of interest beyond their total concentrations within the plasma. There is a strong indication that additional sub-classification of lipoproteins could improve cardiovascular risk prediction.
Using this 1H-NMR approach, information could be extracted about lipoprotein related information on:
- Plasma and serum
- The main VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL classes
- Six VLDL subclasses VLDL-1 to VLDL-6 (sorted according to increasing density and decreasing size, respectively)
- Six LDL sub-classes LDL-1 to LDL-6
- Four HDL-subclasses HDL-1 to HDL-4
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